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angry young men
The "angry young men" were a group of mostly working and middle class British playwrights and novelists who became prominent in the 1950s. The group's leading members included John Osborne and Kingsley Amis. The phrase was originally coined by the Royal Court Theatre's press officer to promote John Osborne's 1956 play ''Look Back in Anger''. It is thought to be derived from the autobiography of Leslie Paul, founder of the Woodcraft Folk, whose ''Angry Young Man'' was published in 1951.
Following the success of the Osborne play, the label "angry young men" was later applied by British media to describe young writers who were characterised by a disillusionment with traditional British society. The term, always imprecise, began to have less meaning over the years as the writers to whom it was originally applied became more divergent, and many of them dismissed the label as useless.
==John Osborne==
The playwright John Osborne was the archetypal example, and his signature play ''Look Back in Anger'' (1956) attracted attention to a style of drama contrasting strongly with the genteel and understated works of Terence Rattigan which had been in fashion. Osborne's ''The Entertainer'' (1957) secured his reputation, with Laurence Olivier playing the protagonist Archie Rice. Osborne was a successful entrepreneur, starting his own film company along with Tony Richardson.〔 In addition to being seen as archetypal, John Osborne was claimed to be one of the leading literary figures of the Angry Young Men 'movement'. This 'movement' was identified after the Second World War as some British intellectuals began to question orthodox mores. Osborne expressed his own concerns through his plays and could be relied upon to provide controversial “angry” pronouncements, delivered with an immaturity compared to impatient youth.〔Gilleman, Luc (2008). “From Coward and Rattigan to Osborne: Or the Enduring Importance of ''Look Back in Anger''.” ''Modern Drama'': Vol. 51, No. 1: 104-124. 104〕
Some critics ridiculed Osborne for a lack of maturity in his statements, and fuelled a debate about his politics and those of the 'movement'.〔 Osborne also had consistent and often sarcastic criticism of the British Left.〔Langford, Larry (1997). "The Unsocial Socialism of John Osborne." ''English Studies'': Vol. 3: 237-257. 237.〕 In 1961, he made public headlines with "Letter to my Fellow Countrymen" that represented a "damn you, England" mentality.〔 and protested against Britain's decision to join the arms race.〔 Osborne strongly expressed anger at what Britain had become at that time, but also at what he felt it had failed to become.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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